It extends from the north to the isohyet 150 mm without the marine band and covers nearly 80% of the national territory. Rainfall = <100 mm per year, rarely reaches 150 mm in the northern parts of Assaba and Hodhs. = Wintering seasons (rainy season from July to September) and dry season from October to June Temperature = 10 to 47 ° c. = gross soil desert soils (ablation and intake) dominated by sand ergs. Relative humidity = 28-43%. Water Resources = dune and alluvial aquifers wadis

Practices: type = date palm oasis agriculture dominates with sub-stages of fruit trees, cereals (wheat, barley), vegetables (carrot, tomato, cabbage) and forage (alfalfa). sometimes next oasis of recession crops and behind dams on sandy soil silty

other maritime area

It covers a narrow coastal strip (50 km wide) and extends from Nouadhibou to the mouth of the Senegal River. Seasons: rainy from August to September and saisonsèche (October-July) .Températures = 10-35 ° C. Rainfall = 0-50 mm, rarely reaches 100 mm despite the rain and dew winter (December-January). sSols = sandy halomorphic

Practices: . the agricultural economy of the area is dominated by: the vegetable and dairy farming (camels, cows). vegetable production is in regression due to: the abandonment of irrigation wastewater treatment plant; competition from import pathways (Morocco, Senegal) and domestic production of other agro-ecological zones of the country

dry arid Sahelian Zone

Between southern boundary arid and northern boundary river area. Rainfall = 200-400 mm. Temperature = 15 to 45 ° C depending on the seasons. Seasons = Wintering (rainy season) from June to September dry season (October to May). = brown soil and sandy dunes with a low water retention and a low organic matter content; depressions dune silty clay; appearance dunes following the degradation of vegetation (especially western area)

Practices: rainfed and last blocks (sorghum, millet, corn, cowpea). The combination of cultures is féquente and use of fertilizer near inéxsistant. Use of animal traction = rare. Use of manure = common. = farming operations manual. Crop protection = seed treatment fungicides. Use of selected seeds = rare. = vegetable crops developed by women's cooperatives,

other Zone River

Strip along lefleuve Senegal Moughataa (Department) Keur Macène (Southwest Trarza) in Gouraye (South East Guidimakha). = 350-450mm rainfall. Temperature = 15-45 ° C depending on the seasons. = Wintering seasons (rainy season) from June to September and dry season (October to May). Soils = clayey or silty (Hydromorphic); Brown and sandy (low water retention)

Practices: Agriculture = dominant. Storm and flood recession crops (sorghum, millet, maize, cowpea, peanut, watermelon ,,,). Irrigated crops (rice, corn, Sorho, vegetables, fruit trees). cultural operations = dominated by manual practices. = Manual rice transplanting with the top stream (Brakna, Gorgol Guidimakha) and semi mechanized at low river (Trarza for tillage and harvesting); = frequent use of herbicides