Corn

CENTRAL PLATEAUX (PLAINS): Flat to gently undulating.In some areas there are some rocky hill- footslope at medium altitude,developed on granites, sandstone,sheles, quartizites and gneisses. Few flat plains at medium altitude developed mainly on alluvium.Soils are well drained moderately deep to deep, red, yellowish red or orange sands and clay loams to loramy sands with sandy loams in depth. The structure is poor and very low natural fertility. Altitude: 6000-1300 m.a.s.l, Rainfall (mm/year): 800-1400 monomodale. Temperature: 18C-30C

COASTAL PLAINS: Mainly undulating rolling plains of slope range 0-10%. In a few areas there are Strongly dissected uplands and rolling to steep hills, slope range of 10-45% disected. Major soils are well drained, moderately deep to deep, red, yellowish red or orange sands and loamy sands with sandy loams are in the subsoil with poor structure, very low natural fertility. In most cases the soils are moderately well to imperfectely drained, shallow to deep usually calcareous, black, dark grey or brown cracking clays often overlying paler subsoil with ephemeral structure and moderately high natural fertility. However there are few areas with special features: flat, low atitude riverine flood plains and deltas with spatially and temporally varying flooding regime and sedmentation patteins. There covered by young alluvial soils with variaable drainage and flooding conditions. Other special features are those undulating ad rooling plains developed neogenes and quaternary limestone, sandstone, marls, sands and clays. Altitude: 0-500 m.a.s.l ; rainfall (mm/year) 800-1600. Temperatures: 19-30 C.

EASTERN PLATEAUX AND MOUNTAIN BLOCKS: Mainly well drained, undulating to rolling plains and plateaux developed on gneissic rocks. A few well drained, undulating to rolling plains at lower atitude(150-500mm) developed on intermediate metamovic rocks. However, there are some poorly drain flat wide topographic deprations developed on young aluvial and strongly dissected upland and low hills transitional to mountain. sloppy areas are strongly dissected, often rocky and severely eroded. Dominant soils are well drained moderately deep to deep, dark redish brown, yellowish red or red sandy clay loams and sany clays. Their structures is weak or moderately with low natural fertility. Their moderaly well imperfectly drained, deep, brown, pale yellow, light gre or white mottled sands and loamy sands with poor structure with very low natural fertility. Altitude: 200-1500 masl. Few areas up 2,000 masl. Temperature: 15-31 C. Rainfall (mm/year): 400-2000.

HIGH PLAINS AND PLATEAUX: Mainly flat and undulating to rolling plains and plateaux at high altitude, developed on granites and gneisses. In other areas there are strongly dissected hills,mountaineous topograph, volicanic land forms at high altitudes. Mojor soils are well drained deep brown, yellowish, sand loam, sand clays to clay with moderately to strong structure. The soils have moderately to high natural fetility. Altitude: 500-2400 masl. Rainfall (mm/year): 600-2400. Temperature: 19-25 C.

RUKWA - RUAHA RIFT ZONE - ALLUVIAL FLATS: Flat to undulating plains, covered by riverine or lacustrine alluvium or alluvium fans, levees, piedmonts and by variable flooding conditions. Soil affected by salinity of varying colour, texture, structure, consistence and drainage. Its fertility and moisture storing characteristics adversely affected by presence of exchangeable sodium and soluble salts.In some areas high enough to interfere with growth of most crops.The soils are well drained, moderately deep to deep, reddish and yellowish sandy clay loams and sandy clays. Structure is weak with poor natural fertility. Other areas have poorly drained, deep, dark grey or grey brown often mottled clays.They have higher clay content than the young olluvial clays ( clay 40%-70%) and of also lower natural fertility. Few areas have soils of high natural fertility, imperfectly to poorly drained soils. Altitude: 800-1400 masl. Rainfall (mm/year): 800-2000. Temperature: 18C-30C

VOLCANOES AND RIFT DEPRESSIONS : Mainly rolling to hilly, dissected plateaux at high altitude developed on volcanic ash, lavas and on gneisses. In some areas there are volcanic mountain with gental to steep ash and lava slopes streching from medium(600-1600masl) to high altitude (2300 masl). At medium altitude on encounters locostrarine plains, extensive salt and soda flats. The soils are well drained, in some areas heterogenous soils types with propotion of fertile, deep yellowish, redish sand clay to moderate to strong structure. In some areas of the zone the soils are of varying coulor, texture and structure consistence and drainage. Their fertility stutus and moisture storage proparties are advesily affected by presence of exchangeble sodium salt or soluble salts at level that are high enough to enterfere with growth of most crops. Altitude: 900-2400 masl. Rainfall (mm/year): 400-1600. Temperature: 22C-30C